Gadolinium: A contrast dye that is renal friendly and given intravenously before MRI scans to improve the quality of the picture.
Gamma Irradiation: A type of radiation therapy that uses gamma radiation, which is a type of high-energy radiation that is different from x-rays.
Gamma Knife: Radiation therapy in which high-energy rays are aimed at a tumor from many angles in a single treatment session. The 'Gamma Knife' is a cobalt-60 based radiation treatment machine that delivers radiation beams intersecting at the location of the tumour. This technique requires specialized computer equipment, CT or MRI and stereotactic frame to immobilize the head. Higher than normal doses of radiation may be delivered by this method without an increase in side effects. The Gamma Knife delivers 201 beams of highly focused gamma rays to the treatment site.
Gamma Radiation: A very high frequency form of electromagnetic radiation that consists of photons emitted by radioactive elements. Gamma rays can injure and destroy body cells and tissue, especially cell nuclei.
Genetic Marker: An alteration in DNA that may indicate an increase in the risk of developing a specific disease or disorder.
Gerota’s Capsule: A fibrous envelop of tissue that surrounds the kidney. This is also called Renal Fascia or Gerota’s Fascia.
Grade: A description of a tumor that refers to how the cancer cells look and behave under a microscope. It describes how different the cancer cells look from normal cells, how quickly the cancer cells are growing and dividing, and how likely they are to spread.
Graft–Versus–Host Disease: A reaction of the donated stem cells against the patient’s own tissue.
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