False-Negative Test Result: A test result that indicates that a person does not have a specific disease or condition when the person actually does have the disease or condition.

False-Positive Test Result: A test that indicates that a person has a specific disease or condition when the person actually does not have the particular disease or condition.

Familial Cancer: Cancer that occurs in families more often then would be expected by chance. These cancers often occur at an early age and may indicate a gene mutation that increases the risk of cancer. They can also be a sign of shared environmental or lifestyle factors.

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration): An agency in the U.S. Federal Government whose mission is to protect public health by making sure that food, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements are safe to use and truthfully labeled. The FDA also makes sure that drugs, medical devices and equipment are safe and effective and that blood for transfusions and transplant tissue are safe.

Fentanyl: A narcotic opioid drug that is used for treatment of pain.

Fine-Needle Aspirate: A procedure in which a needle is inserted under local anesthesia to obtain a sample for the evaluation of suspicious tissue.

Five-Year Survival: A statistic indicating the percentage of people with a particular type of cancer who are alive 5 years after the initial cancer diagnosis.

Frozen Section: A technique in which tissue is removed and then quick-frozen and examined under a microscope by a pathologist.